ABSTRACT
Objective: The objectives of this study was to evaluate the sleep disruption risk enhancement among the young Medical students due to increasing the demand of clinical and academic duties and Studying the relation between sleep quality and psychological stress which can be useful in implementing an organized mental health program in medical colleges. The main aim is to study the prevalence and the effect of stress on sleep quality in young medical students. Methods: This Prospective cross sectional study was conducted on Medical students of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre to recognize the effect of stress on sleep quality among 75 medical students. The instruments used for data collection were a self-report Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Results: Results of present study showed that 59% of subjects were poor sleepers. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between general health status and sleep quality of students (r = 0.5118, p = 0.0001). Conclusions: A considerable proportion of medical students are affected by poor sleep quality. Sleep disruption acts as a barrier for students’ performance in examinations. So, it is important to implement health promotion and educational programs for them.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cognitive impairment is a common clinical issue among elderly patients suffering with depression and has a more obscure etiology. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment and depression in geriatric patients attending Psychiatric OPD. Methods: This Prospective cross-sectional study was carried out on elderly people (n=330) attending the Psychiatry OPD of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Hospital, Moradabad. The cognitive function and depression were assessed by applying standardized Mini-Mental State Examination of Folstein (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), respectively. Results: Prevalence of cognitive impairment was 35.71% (36.41% women, 24.5% men), whereas the prevalence of depression was 45.45% (51.02% women, 39.89% men) significant differences were observed. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment and depression were found to be more prevalent in the females than in the males. Hence, psychiatrist should pay special attention for early detection and treatment of depressive symptoms in elderly people with cognitive impairment.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Some cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders persist after the subsidence of active symptoms. We carried out this study to assess and compare the cognitive functioning of patients with stable schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. METHODS: Fifteen each of stable maintained schizophrenic patients and euthymic bipolar-I patients attending outpatient clinic in a tertiary care psychiatric hospital in north India were included in the study as also equal number of age and education matched control subjects. Cognitive assessments were done using Wisconsin's Card Sorting Test (WCST), Spatial Working Memory Test (SWMT) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT). RESULTS: Stable schizophrenia patients performed poorly on all the neurocognitive parameters as compared to both controls and bipolar euthymic patients. Euthymic bipolar patients showed significant difference on executive functions with normal controls. Patterns of cognitive disturbances in tasks of executive function are similar in both groups but are quantitatively more marked in schizophrenia. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: Our results showed that stable schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse on cognitive measures than patients of euthymic bipolar disorder which was consistent with their poorer functional outcome. The results further indicated that stable schizophrenia and euthymic bipolar disorders may be distinguished qualitatively in neuropsychological terms with different profiles of cognitive impairment.